In the rapidly evolving landscape of higher education, defining AI literacy has emerged as a crucial endeavor for educators, administrators, and policymakers. As generative AI (GenAI) technologies become increasingly integrated into the fabric of academic discourse and increasingly essential for advancing learning and research capabilities, establishing a clear and comprehensive definition of AI Literacy in Teaching and Learning (ALTL) is imperative. This foundational step not only sets a benchmark for developing tailored training programs but also enables stakeholders to navigate the ethical landscapes and practical applications of AI in education. Moreover, a universally accepted framework of ALTL equips higher education communities to critically evaluate and effectively integrate GenAI technologies into curricula and operations.

Prioritizing AI literacy ensures that institutions remain at the forefront of educational innovation—competitive, relevant, and responsible. The framework proposed here aims to transcend fluctuating technological trends by anchoring in principles that address technical, evaluative, practical, and ethical dimensions of AI use. This document delineates progressive steps—from general principles to specific guidelines—in addressing the unique needs and roles of faculty, researchers, students, and administrators in the adoption of an AI literacy framework. By using this framework, stakeholders in higher education can develop a deep and dynamic understanding of AI literacy that is both current and adaptable to future advancements in GenAI technology.

These guidelines were developed with the assistance of a distinguished group of faculty members, administrators, and researchers who are involved in the development and use of artificial intelligence in higher education and who participate in the EDUCAUSE AI Community of Practice and AI Literacy Working Group. Work on these ALTL definitions, competencies, and outcomes has been ongoing for almost a year—via intensive discussion, polling, and brainstorming—to arrive at a comprehensive understanding of what "AI literacy" should mean in higher education.

As part of this year-long investigation, we determined some important priorities for this report based on specific demographics: for students, faculty, and staff. For students, for example, our highest priority was identifying ways in which GenAI could be used responsibly and productively toward educational and research priorities. This reflects the committee's understanding that GenAI should be fully integrated into teaching and learning objectives across institutional units. We also prioritized the practical implementation of GenAI into existing curricula, instructional design, teaching, and research priorities over theoretical or personal understandings because it is essential to recognize the significance of GenAI in the transformation of teaching and learning in higher education. The committee's focus on responsible and productive use of GenAI in higher education suggests a proactive approach to integrating GenAI in educational frameworks in a durable way. We envision this report as an essential guide to higher education professionals in curriculum development and in establishment of GenAI educational objectives.

The deliverables for this report include actionable, specific, and durable definitions and competencies for higher education stakeholders: students, faculty, and staff. Through these definitions and competencies, we provide a practical framework for future administrative and budgetary support as higher education transitions from traditional to AI-informed educational priorities. This framework is foundational to student, faculty, and staff engagement with AI technologies in higher education and beyond, including these takeaways:

This framework champions a holistic and durable approach to AI literacy, emphasizing a balance between technical skills, critical evaluation, practical application, and ethical considerations. Within this framework, all stakeholders at the institution have a role in the implementation of AI in higher education.

Students graduating with a foundation in AI will be equipped to leverage its capabilities in their careers while critically assessing its limitations and potential biases—skills that are considered important by potential employers. Employee use of Gen AI is increasing exponentially1 and globally, and higher education is following this trend.

Faculty will be empowered to use AI to enhance teaching, research, and course design, fostering a culture of innovation and responsible AI use in their classrooms. Staff will play a pivotal role in supporting AI implementation across the institution, ensuring its efficient integration into academic support services, administrative workflows, student services, accessibility services,2 and policy development.

The suggested outcomes within this report provide suggested benchmarks for each constituency, guiding professional development efforts and ensuring consistent assessment of AI literacy across the institution. As AI continues to grow and transform, ongoing training and professional development will be essential to maintaining a culture of responsible AI use in higher education.3 

The rapid evolution of AI presents both opportunities and challenges for higher education. By proactively fostering AI literacy, institutions can ensure they are not simply reacting to technological advancements but instead are shaping their integration in a way that aligns with their core values and educational mission. This proactive approach allows institutions to do the following:

• Mitigate Risks and Uphold Ethical Standards: A comprehensive understanding of AI's potential pitfalls, such as bias and privacy concerns, empowers institutions to develop safeguards and ethical guidelines for responsible AI use.
• Maximize the Potential of AI for Learning and Research: By equipping faculty with the necessary skills to critically evaluate and effectively integrate AI tools, institutions can unlock new avenues for innovative teaching methods and groundbreaking research endeavors. Empowering faculty directly benefits students, enabling them to engage with cutting-edge AI technologies in their learning journeys and research projects, and fosters a deeper understanding and application of AI across various disciplines.
• Maintain a Competitive Edge: In an increasingly AI-driven world, institutions that prioritize AI literacy will be better positioned to attract students and faculty seeking cutting-edge educational experiences.

Building a Culture of Responsible AI

This framework is designed to not only equip individuals with the necessary skills but also cultivate a culture of responsible AI use across all levels of the institution. This collaborative environment fosters open dialogue, promotes transparency, and encourages a collective effort to address ethical concerns and ensure that AI is used for the betterment of the academic community. Such a culture is vital for academic leaders, including the provost because it aligns with overarching institutional goals and enhances governance.

Here are some key aspects of fostering a culture of responsible AI:

• Cross-Disciplinary Collaboration: Effective AI integration requires collaboration between faculty, staff, administrators, and IT professionals. This collaborative approach ensures that AI development and implementation align with the institution's educational goals and ethical principles.
• Open Communication and Transparency: Transparency regarding AI use, including limitations and potential biases, is crucial for building trust within the academic community. Transparency is essential for the provost because it underpins the ethical use of AI within the institution, fostering an environment of trust, accountability, and open dialogue with all constituents.
• Ongoing Training and Support: As AI continues to evolve, ongoing training and professional development opportunities are essential to ensure that all members of the institution can maintain their AI literacy and adapt to new advancements. This ensures that all members, including academic leaders, stay current with AI advancements and can lead effectively in adapting these technologies to all educational settings. Such ongoing education supports the provost's commitment to academic excellence and leadership in innovation.

Preparing for the Future of Work and Education

Equipping students, faculty, and staff with AI literacy skills goes beyond immediate benefits within the academic environment. In an increasingly AI-integrated world, these skills will be critical for success in the future workforce. By graduating with a strong foundation in AI, students will be well positioned to do the following:

• Thrive in AI-Driven Workplaces: Many industries are already experiencing significant integration of AI technologies. Students with AI literacy skills will be in high demand and well equipped to navigate these evolving work environments.
• Become Responsible AI Users: An understanding of AI's capabilities and limitations empowers individuals to leverage its potential while mitigating risks and advocating for ethical use.
• Become Leaders in the AI Revolution: The future of AI holds immense potential for innovation and societal progress. Students with AI literacy skills will be positioned to contribute to responsible AI development and shape the future of this transformative technology.

This framework for AI Literacy in Teaching and Learning is designed to be durable and adaptable in the face of ongoing advancements in AI technology. Rather than focusing on specific tools or algorithms, the framework emphasizes core principles and competencies that will remain relevant regardless of the technological landscape.

This focus on core principles ensures that the framework can be applied across a wide range of disciplines and adapted to address the specific needs of each institution. Additionally, the emphasis on critical-thinking and problem-solving skills empowers individuals to continuously learn and adapt as AI continues to evolve.

The successful implementation of AI in higher education requires a collaborative effort across various departments and stakeholders within the institution. Here are some key areas for collaboration:

• Faculty and Instructional Designers: Collaboration between faculty and instructional designers is crucial for developing effective strategies to integrate AI tools into the curriculum, ensuring that learning objectives are met while fostering critical thinking skills.
• Librarians and Academic Support Services: Librarians and academic support services bookend the writing and research process and can help students apply AI in the most effective ways.
• Academic Leadership (including Deans and Department Chairs): The members of this group are crucial in driving the adoption of AI across various academic departments. They play a strategic role in fostering interdisciplinary collaborations that are essential for the broad application of AI in education. Their leadership is vital in setting academic policies related to AI, securing funding for AI initiatives, and promoting an AI-inclusive culture within their faculties. Additionally, academic leaders are responsible for aligning AI initiatives with educational outcomes and accreditation requirements, ensuring that the curriculum remains relevant and rigorous.
• IT Professionals and Institutional Leadership: IT professionals play a vital role in selecting, implementing, and maintaining AI technologies. Collaboration with institutional leadership ensures that AI integration aligns with the institution's strategic goals and security protocols.
• Ethics Committees and Legal Teams: Open communication and collaboration between ethics committees, legal teams, and faculty developing AI-powered tools are essential for establishing ethical guidelines and addressing potential legal concerns.
• External Regulatory Bodies: Collaboration with external regulatory bodies can help ensure that the institution's AI practices comply with national and international regulations and standards, providing an additional layer of oversight and credibility.
• Students: Directly involving students in discussions about AI implementation can provide valuable insights into their needs and concerns and can help tailor AI applications to enhance their learning experience.

By fostering a collaborative environment that brings together various stakeholders, institutions can ensure responsible and effective AI integration across all facets of the academic experience.